Herniated Disk Guide: Ua rau, Cov tsos mob thiab kev xaiv kho

Dab tsi yog Herniated Disk?

Cov disks hauv koj tus txha nraub qaum, hu ua intervertebral disks, yog nyias, oblong qauv uas ua haujlwm hauv ncoo ntawm cov pob txha ntawm koj nraub qaum (vertebrae). Txhua lub disk yog ua los ntawm ib tug mos gel core puag ncig los ntawm ib tug tawv, fibrous txheej plhaub. Cov qauv no tso cai rau lub disk kom ruaj khov txaus los tswj qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov vertebrae, tab sis mos txaus kom compress thaum tus txha nraub qaum flexes thaum khoov, leaning thiab tig mus rau sab.

Hauv qee tus neeg, feem ntau yog cov neeg laus hnub nyoog nruab nrab, lub plhaub tawv tawv tawv tsim ib qho chaw tsis muaj zog lossis tsim kua muag me me. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, ib feem ntawm lub disk qhov muag hauv cov tub ntxhais tuaj yeem tawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ib txwm muaj (herniate), ua rau muaj mob hu ua herniated disk.

Yog hais tias lub herniated disk nias rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob ze ntawm tus txha caj qaum, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam tsos mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nrog rau qhov mob, loog thiab cov leeg tsis muaj zog. Hauv qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws, herniated disk tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha uas tswj lub plab zom mov thiab zais zis, ua rau cov zis tsis tuaj yeem thiab tsis tswj lub plab.

Herniated Disk

yog zyrtec antihistamine

Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis nkag siab tias yog vim li cas disks herniate. Feem ntau cov theories qhia qhov xwm txheej no rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hauv qab no:

Disk laus – Herniated disks tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 35 mus rau 55. Ntawm tag nrho cov yam ntxwv lub luag hauj lwm rau herniated disks, kev laus yog tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nrog lub hnub nyoog, lub plhaub sab nrauv zoo li degenerate qeeb, tej zaum vim yog kaum xyoo ntawm upright posture thiab rov qab flexion.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces - Hauv qee tsev neeg, ntau tus neeg txheeb ze raug kev txom nyem los ntawm herniated disks, thaum lwm tsev neeg tsis cuam tshuam dab tsi. Yog tias tus mob no nyob hauv ib tsev neeg, nws yuav muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo thaum ntxov, txawm tias ua rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 21 xyoos. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pib txheeb xyuas cov noob tshwj xeeb uas txuas rau cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob.
Cov xwm txheej ntawm tus kheej - Koj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm herniated disk yog tias koj ua haujlwm hauv ib txoj haujlwm lossis koom nrog kev ua kis las uas suav nrog kev nqa hnyav lossis kev sib tw ntau dhau lossis khoov.

Muaj peb qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm kab vertebral uas muaj herniated disk yuav tshwm sim:

Lub ncauj tsev menyuam cheeb tsam ntawm lub vertebrae nyob rau hauv lub caj dab
Lub thoracic cheeb tsam ntawm lub vertebrae nyob rau hauv lub Upper rov qab, nyob ze ntawm lub tav
Lub lumbar cheeb tsam ntawm lub vertebrae nyob rau hauv qis rov qab, saum lub pelvis

Herniated disks feem ntau tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam lumbar thiab ncauj tsev menyuam. Herniated disks kuj tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam thoracic, qhov uas lawv tsuas yog 1 ntawm txhua 200 txog 400 disk herniations.

Cov tsos mob

Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm herniated disk feem ntau yog mob nraub qaum hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov cuam tshuam disk. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov mob no yog ib qho teeb meem uas lub plhaub sab nraud tau raug mob los yog tsis muaj zog, tsis tas yuav ua rau lub hauv paus tseem ceeb tau herniated. Yog hais tias lub hauv paus tseem ceeb herniate thiab nias rau ntawm lub paj hlwb nyob ze, cov tsos mob tshwm sim txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm herniated disk:

Hauv cheeb tsam tsev menyuam - Muaj peev xwm ua rau mob hauv caj dab, xub pwg, xub pwg hniav, caj npab lossis hauv siab, nrog rau loog lossis qaug zog ntawm caj npab lossis ntiv tes. Yog hais tias qhov mob yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab thiab caj npab, nws tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov mob hauv siab ntawm tus kab mob plawv. Qee zaum, tso zis ntau zaus thiab mob taub hau tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Kuv yuav tsum noj tamsulosin ntev npaum li cas
Hauv cheeb tsam thoracic - Cov tsos mob zoo li tsis meej, tsis meej pem thiab kav ntev. Tej zaum yuav muaj mob nyob rau sab nraub qaum, sab nraub qaum, hauv siab, plab lossis ob txhais ceg, nrog rau kev qaug zog thiab loog ntawm ib leeg lossis ob txhais ceg. Qee tus neeg cuam tshuam kuj yws ntawm plab lossis zais zis incontinence.
Hauv cheeb tsam lumbar - Ntau tus neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam thiab mob me me ua ntej ib qho kev tshwm sim tshwm sim (xws li kev nqa hnyav, khoov tam sim ntawd, twisting) ua rau lawv cov tsos mob hnyav dua mus rau qhov uas lawv nrhiav kev kho mob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho yam tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim.

Nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj ib tug lumbar disc herniation, mob heev ceg yog qhov kev tsis txaus siab loj. Qhov mob no hu ua sciatica vim tias nws los ntawm lub siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha sciatic. Nws feem ntau pib nyob rau sab nraub qaum, tom qab ntawd kis mus rau hauv pob tw thiab hauv qab ntawm ib tus ncej puab thiab ceg. Sciatica feem ntau yuav mob hnyav dua yog tias tus neeg mob hnoos, txham, dais los yog txav rov qab sai. Thaum feem ntau txo qis los ntawm kev so, sciatica tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav dua nrog kev tsav tsheb lossis nqa. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj loog loog, tingling los yog cov leeg tsis muaj zog ntawm lub pob tw lossis ceg ntawm qhov mob.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj thiab hnyav dua ntawm lumbar disk herniation, cov hlab ntsha yog compressed ntau dua. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, cov tsos mob ntxiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim, nrog rau qhov mob ntawm qhov quav; poob ntawm lub plab thiab zais zis tswj; thiab loog nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw mos, pob tw lossis nraub qaum ntawm tus ncej puab.

Kev kuaj mob

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas koj cov keeb kwm kho mob, suav nrog keeb kwm ntawm kub taub hau, mob qog noj ntshav, siv cov tshuaj steroid lossis kev raug mob rov qab tsis ntev los no. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj cov lus nug tshwj xeeb txog koj qhov mob:

Koj puas tau muaj mob hnyav dua yav dhau los?
Koj qhov mob nyob qhov twg? Puas yog nws txwv rau koj nraub qaum lossis puas kis mus rau hauv koj lub xub pwg nyom, caj npab, hauv siab, pob tw lossis ceg?
Thaum twg koj qhov mob pib? Puas yog nws pib thaum koj sim nqa ib yam dab tsi hnyav, lossis nws puas tau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm lossis khoov ntawm koj nraub qaum?
Dab tsi ua rau nws zoo dua, thiab dab tsi ua rau nws zoo dua?
Puas yog qhov mob ploj mus thaum koj so ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev cuam tshuam, lossis nws puas tseem nyob ntawm so?
Koj puas tau pom muaj kev loog, tingling lossis nqaij leeg tsis muaj zog ntawm koj txhais tes lossis ob txhais ceg?
Puas muaj teeb meem nrog kev tswj lub plab lossis zais zis, mob qhov quav, lossis loog hauv pob tw lossis qhov chaw mos?

Tom qab tshuaj xyuas koj cov keeb kwm kev kho mob thiab cov tsos mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev kom zoo los txiav txim siab lwm yam kev mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob nraub qaum, xws li nqaij pob txha lossis mob caj dab lossis mob hnyav (thiab tsis tshua muaj) ua rau mob qog noj ntshav lossis mob pob txha. lub vertebrae.

Qhov kev kuaj xyuas lub cev no yuav ua raws li kev soj ntsuam kom ntxaws ntxiv ntawm koj lub nraub qaum, thaum koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm koj sab xis thiab sab laug, cov leeg nqaij spasms, txawv txav curvature, txwv tsis pub txav mus los, tsis yooj yim, thaj chaw ntawm loog loog, thiab thaj chaw ntawm rhiab. Koj tus kws kho mob qhov kev tshawb pom yuav pab txiav txim siab lwm yam teeb meem rov qab uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws.

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lumbar disk herniation, koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj ua ib qho maneuvers, xws li taug kev ntawm koj cov ntiv taw, taug kev ntawm koj lub luj taws, squatting thiab sawv, thiab flexing koj pob taws tiv thaiv. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ncaj nraim. Koj yuav pw ntawm koj nraub qaum nrog koj ob txhais ceg ncaj. Thaum koj so, koj tus kws kho mob maj mam tsa txhua ceg ntawm tus kheej los txiav txim lub kaum sab xis uas koj ob txhais ceg pib. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov kev kuaj mob neurological, nrhiav kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov kev xav, nrog rau cov pov thawj ntawm cov leeg tsis muaj zog lossis tsis hnov qab.

Spinal X-rays, suav tomography (CT) scan lossis magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan yuav raug pom zoo yog tias koj qhov kev kuaj pom thawj zaug tsis meej, yog tias koj cov tsos mob tshwm sim los yog tsis zoo tom qab ob peb lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob, lossis yog tias koj tab tom xav txog kev phais. Vim tias kev kuaj pom, xws li MRI lossis CT scan, tuaj yeem pom qhov txawv txav hauv cov neeg tsis muaj tsos mob, cov txiaj ntsig yuav tsum tau txhais kom zoo. Nws yog ib qho uas yuav pom qhov txawv txav uas tsis cuam tshuam rau koj cov tsos mob. Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tuaj yeem pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas electromyography, kuaj xyuas cov leeg nqaij thiab paj hlwb kom paub cov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha compression lossis khaus khaus.

Lub sijhawm xav tau

Hauv cov neeg feem coob, qhov mob rov qab maj mam txhim kho nyob rau hauv plaub mus rau rau lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob.

Kev tiv thaiv

Feem ntau, nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv herniated disk. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm herniated disk yav dhau los, koj tuaj yeem txo koj txoj hauv kev yuav tshwm sim dua los ntawm:

Zam kev ua ub ua no uas yuav tsum tau nqa hnyav lossis rov ua dua tshiab
beano cov kev mob tshwm sim mayo chaw kho mob
Xyaum lub cev zoo
Tuav lub cev hnyav
Ua raws li qhov kev pab cuam lub cev-kev kho mob lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim cov nqaij leeg hauv koj lub nraub qaum thiab txhim kho plab thiab nraub qaum
Kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua luam dej thiab taug kev

Kev kho mob

Feem ntau, herniated disk (nrog lossis tsis muaj sciatica) yuav teb rau kev kho mob. Qhov no yuav suav nrog kev pw tsaug zog tsawg (feem ntau tsis pub ntau tshaj ib hnub lossis ob hnub); da dej sov; cov ntaub ntawv cua sov; thiab cov tshuaj, xws litshuaj aspirinlos yog lwm yam tshuaj uas tsis yog steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) los yog cov leeg nqaij so. Qee tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj corticosteroids hauv qhov ncauj, txawm hais tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev kho no tsis paub tseeb.

Vim tias qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntev ntev tuaj yeem txhawb qhov kev txiav txim siab, koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj pib kev tawm dag zog thaum ntxov. Txawm hais tias koj pib kho koj nrog ib mus rau ob hnub ntawm kev pw tsaug zog, koj tseem yuav raug nug kom ua tiav ob lossis peb 20 feeb ntawm kev taug kev txhua hnub. Tom qab ib mus rau ob lub lis piam, koj feem ntau tuaj yeem pib qhov kev siv zog ntau dua ntawm kev tawm dag zog txhua hnub (taug kev, caij tsheb kauj vab, ua luam dej) thiab kho lub cev. Lwm hom kev kho mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qee tus neeg suav nrog ultrasound, zaws thiab acupuncture.

Thaum cov kev ntsuas kev saib xyuas ntau dua tsis ua haujlwm, kev txhaj tshuaj steroid epidural yuav pab tau. Qhov no suav nrog kev ua tib zoo txhaj tshuaj steroid ntev ntev thiab tshuaj loog rau hauv qhov chaw ze ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab cov hlab ntsha compressed. Cov kev txhaj tshuaj no yog coj los ntawm X-rays lossis CT scanning kom cov koob tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw zoo.

Yog tias koj tau plam lub plab lossis zais zis, yog tias koj muaj pov thawj ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha, lossis yog tias koj muaj qhov mob tsis txaus ntseeg txawm tias muaj ntau lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob, yuav xav tau kev kho mob hnyav ntxiv, suav nrog kev phais. Feem ntau, qhov no txhais tau tias tshem tawm cov disk (diskectomy), uas yuav xav tau kev phais loj. Ntau ntxiv, txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo yog ua tiav uas cov herniated disk raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub raj hollow ntxig los ntawm qhov me me incision.

Thaum Hu Rau Tus Kws Tshaj Lij

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias koj mob mob hnyav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj muaj mob lossis loog hauv koj txhais tes lossis ob txhais ceg lossis yog tias koj tsis tswj koj lub plab lossis zais zis.

Kev kwv yees

Kwv yees li ntawm 60% ntawm cov neeg teb rau kev kho mob tsis pub dhau 1 lub lis piam, thiab 90% mus rau 98% teb hauv 6 lub lis piam. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev phais muaj qhov ua tau zoo thaum MRI lossis CT qhia tias qhov ua rau cov tsos mob tuaj yeem kho tau.